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Architectural ensemble of Solikamsk Salvation and Transfiguration female monastery Ensemble on the place of an old fortress
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Architectural ensemble of Solikamsk
Formation of the stone architectural ensemble of Solikamsk was at the end of XVII - the beginning of XVIII centuries - the period of the greatest development of salt production in city. Favorable geographical position of the city was an advantage for stone architecture development. Solikamsk had close historical relations with the oldest cultural centers of Russian North, and natives from different parts of Russian North took part in construction of its temples. The city which was the beginning of Babinov’s road (during one and a half centuries it was the only official way to Siberia) by the end of XVII century was included into the number of large administrative and trading centers of the country and required the statement of the major attributes of Russian statehood and spiritual culture. Style of "Moscow baroque" influenced significantly on the architectural monuments of Solikamsk of the end of XVII - the beginning of XVIII centuries with characteristic grace and variety of forms, and also original traditions of temple architecture of Great Ustyug, Kargopol, Totma, and also Moscow. During the same period it is possible to see tendencies of formation of original stylistic features, characteristic for Solikamsk craftsmen who took part in construction of some outstanding monuments of temple architecture not only in Solikamsk, but also in a number of other cities of Ural Mountains region and Siberia, one of such temple is Trinity cathedral in Verhoture (1703).
The central architectural ensemble of Solikamsk is located on the bank of the river Usolka and the square where Babinov’s road began. It includes Trinity cathedral (1684-1697), Cross-erection cathedral (1698-1709), the Cathedral Belltower (1713), Epiphany church (1687-1695), Revival church (1721-1725) and the House of Commander (1688). On the place of the wooden Kremlin which burned down in 1672 two churches - summer Survival church (1689) and winter Arkhangelsk church (1712-1725) were built, they are parts of one small architectural ensemble of the historical center of Solikamsk. In western and eastern parts of the historical center of Solikamsk there is an ensemble of Ascent ional man's and female Survival-Transfiguration monasteries. Two single churches make the whole ensemble complete: in the east - cemetery church of Wives-Peacemakers(1780), in the West - John Predtechi's church (1715-1721). Despite of a number of the town-planning mistakes made by the Soviet authority and necessity of restoration of some buildings - first of all - Revival church and Cross-erection cathedral, an architectural ensemble of Solikamsk is one of the most outstanding examples of stone architecture of Ural Mountains region. Owing to efforts of some outstanding historians and critics in 1970 Solikamsk got the status of historical city-reserve which architectural lay-out should be saved for descendants.
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