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Solikamsk in XX century
The main factor which rendered great influence to the life of the city in XX century, became development of the potash and magnesian industry. Its began with the discovery of potassium, made in 1907 at drilling of Lyudmilinskaya salt well, by technician Nikolay Ryazantsev. In 1925 under supervision of the professor of Perm University P.I. Preobrazhenskiy the first exploration wells began to work and in 1933 in Solikamsk the construction of the magnesian plant began. This factory began to work 3 years later. In 1928 the lining of the railway connected Solikamsk with other cities of Ural Mountains region and the Central Russia was completed. In 1941, in settlement Borovsk the pulp-and-paper plant which became a large supplier of a newsprint began to work. At the end of 1930th Solikamsk, northern suburbs of Prikamye, became a place of the mass exile for people subjected to repression. In the vicinities of Solikamsk Usollag (state prison) was established and work of prisoners, was widely used in Soviet construction sites of the city. During the Great Patriotic War more than five thousand people from Solikamsk went to the war. 11 of them became the Heroes of Soviet Union. Many city dwellers worked in rear. The magnesian alloys made in Solikamsk were used in the aviation industry and manufacturing of an ammunition. During the war in five evacuated hospitals and kindergartens for children from Leningrad worked in Solikamsk. Collections of the State Museum of Architecture, A.S.Pushkin’s State Museum of the Fine Arts, State Russian Museum and some other museums of the country were evacuated To Solikamsk. Post-war years were marked by the industrial development of the city. In 1986 the enterprise "Silvinit" was founded- the largest manufacturer of potash fertilizers in the country which production is known far outside Russia.
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